Statistics for Psychology - Practice Test

This test is based off of UTSC's PSYB07 Stat's midterm exam for Fall 2013. The questions are written in a more challenging and applicative way to encourage some open book use. Good luck.

If you have any discrepancies please message me on the PSYB07 page on facebook and I can talk or work through some of the answers. If I got any wrong then I'm sorry but I am only human lol

Created by: Marco

To say something is without bias is to say it is _____
- in error
- a sample
- a significant alpha level
- random
- All of the above
- None of the above
If you have a child, the child can be either a male or a female. Though your second child can be either male or female and doesn't depend on the first child's gender. The former is known as ____ and the latter as _____
- Independent, Mutually exclusive
- Mutually Exclusive, Independent
- Both are neither Mutually Exclusive nor Independent
- They are both interchangeable terms
- All of the above
- None of the above
If you have a set of score that are too low for your liking and you decide to multiply each score by a constant of 3, what must you do to the variance?
- You must multiply variance by 3
- You must add 3 to the variance
- The variance doesn't change by changing scores
- You multiply the variance by 3^2
- All of the above
- None of the above
Probabilities require events to be Independent, but in the case of additive laws, they also require events to be:
- Disjunctive
- Conjunctive
- Mutually Exclusive
- Rejective
- All of the above
- None of the above
Bayes Theorem's applicative law of probability states that P(A|B) =
- (A + B) / B
- (A - B) / B
- (A x B) / A
- (A x B) - B
- All of the above
- None of the above
A population has a mu = 13.4, N = 550, and a variance of 64. You draw a sample of 16 from the population and discover it has a mean of 14.2 and you end up with a variance of 55. What is the Standard Error?
- 2.026
- 2.0000
- 0.571
- 2.345
- 1.854
- None of the above
The null hypothesis assumes that:
- mu = y_bar
- mu - y_bar = 0
- mu * y_bar = y_bar^2
- mu + y_bar = mu * 2
- All of the above
- None of the above
You conduct a study where your mean attains a z-score of 1.22 on the comparison distribution, you used a two tailed test (p < 0.05). What do you conclude?
- Reject the null hypothesis
- Accept the null hypothesis
- You've made a Type I error
- You've made a Type II error
- All of the above
- None of the above
I asked you to rate your favorite movies from most favorite as #1 all the way to #5. What type of variable am I using?
- nominal
- ordinal
- equal-interval
- ratio
- All of the above
- None of the above
Here is a frequency table showing score on the left and frequency on the right: 0 | 0 1 | 2 2 | 4 3 | 6 4 | 8 5 | 5 6 | 2 7 | 2 8 | 1 9 | 0 What is the a) mean b) standard deviation
- a) 3.967 b) 2.667
- a) 3 b) 2.667
- a) 4.5 b) 1.546
- a) 3.967 b) 1.546
- a) 3 b) 1.546
- None of the above
There is a controversy in using the mean to describe research. Many psychologists have proposed to:
- use mode as a way to record frequencies, then come up with a mean of frequencies to explain populations
- Use qualitative methods to obtain data, followed by quantitative methods to explain populations
- use only median, as it tends to be an unbiased estimator as it isn't affected by outliers
- use qualitative data to describe populations and quantitative data to measure populations
- All of the above
- None of the above
Explain what is meant by Central Limits Theorem
- The mean tends to be influenced by all sorts of scores, so there is a limit in how representative it can be of all the scores
- Central limits theorem comprises of Standard Deviation, the Mean, and the Variance, These three make up Central Limits Theorem as the core variables to describe populations or samples
- In a truly natural and random environment, variables will assume normality in a distribution
- A philosophical branch comprised of those who criticize the ability of Mean, Median, and Mode in their ability to describe statistics
- All of the above
- None of the above
What are criticisms of using a normal curve as a comparison distribution in studies?
- The true curve is not known, and assumed to be normal
- Even large samples of studies do not show normality, so it is mathematically unethical to compare them with a normal curve
- Samples are usually not chosen randomly from the population (haphazard sampling)
- We're testing samples as if they were unaffected by the experimental procedure (testing as if Null Hypothesis is true)
- All of the above
- None of the above
Please put the 5 steps of hypothesis testing in chronological order: a) determine cutoff comparison distribution b) restate question as research hypothesis and null hypothesis c) determine sample score on comparison distribution d) determine characteristics of comparison distribution e) decide whether to reject the null hypothesis or not
- b, d, c, e, a
- b, d, c, a, e
- d, c, b, a, e
- b, d, a, c, e
- a, b, c, d, e
- None of the above
The 2009 APA (6th ed.) now requires research papers to include:
- Effect Size
- Standard Error
- Steps of hypothesis testing
- Exact P level achieved
- All of the above
- None of the above
If you have a population mean, and you take samples of the population many times, having a set of sample means. When you get the mean of all the sample means, it will equal:
- The population mean
- 0 (because they are not squared)
- 1 (because the samples are close to infinite)
- The standard error of the means (SEM)
- All of the above
- None of the above
When figuring out the z score of a mean compared to the distribution of means, you minus the mean of the distribution of means FROM the mean you are trying to find the z-score of, and then divide over what?
- the population standard deviation
- the sample standard deviation
- the standard variance of the mean
- the standard distribution of means
- All of the above
- None of the above
Marginal significance occurs when a z-score comes very close to the cutoff z-score (such as z = 1.94 and the cutoff is 1.96). Psychologists and statisticians generally:
- Don't like this, because significance is based off of boolean logic
- Don't like this because it increases the risk of a Type II error
- Like this because they understand that real life is not so black/white with respect to significance
- Like this because they understand there are so many guesses and estimates in statistics that it's hard to tell if the significant level really makes a difference
- The first two answers
- None of the above
You have done a study and just calculated the confidence interval of your sample distribution (using SEM because there are two population means). You compare your confidence interval with the general population (comparison distribution) and notice your confidence interval does not contain the population's mean (null hypothesis). With this, what can you conclude?
- Reject of the null hypothesis
- Accept the null hypothesis
- You've made a Type I error
- You've made a Type II error
- All of the above
- None of the above
You've employed a study technique to help students get a better grade on the PSYB07 midterm. You randomly select 22 students to participate. After the midterm, the class average was 64 with a standard deviation of 9. Your study group scores an average of 67 with a standard deviation of 6. What is the effect size?
- 0.50
- 0.33
- 1.56
- 2.35
- 3.00
Increasing which of the following does not, in turn, increase power, but lower it?
- Population standard deviation
- Effect size
- difference between sample and population
- Sample size
- All of the above
- None of the above
The most acceptable level of power is?
- 0.20
- 0.50
- 0.80
- All of the above
- None of the above
What can you do to artificially raise power, but what are the consequences?
- A more strict significance level, however this raises the probability of a Type II error
- A more lenient significance level, however this increases the probability of a Type II error
- A more strict significance level, however this increases the probability of a Type I error
- A more leneint significant level, however this increases the probability of a Type I error
- All of the above
- None of the above
Which area of psychology research are you most likely to find a higher emphasis on the use of Effect Sizes in research articles?
- Descriptive Research
- Inferential Research
- Theoretical Research
- Applied Research
- All of the above
- None of the above
Sample 1: mean = 6, N = 4 Sample 2: mean = 8, N = 2 Sample 3: mean = 5, N = 3 Sample 4: mean = 7, N = 3 What is the Harmonic Mean?
- 6.5
- 2.167
- 8.667
- 6.333
- All of the above
- None of the above
What is the probability of making a Type II error
- Same as Type I
- 1 - alpha
- 1 - beta
- beta alone
- All of the above
- None of the above
A new disease called Tuition Sickness (TS) has appeared in the population. The probability of TS is 0.001. If you have TS, you have a 0.99 probability of testing positive. However there is a 0.0002 chance of testing a false positive. You go to your school's Health and Wellness center to be tested for TS and it turns out positive. What are the chances you ACTUALLY have TS given you just tested positive?
- 0.832
- 0.990
- 0.002
- 0.001
- All of the above
- None of the above
A school has 200 students (pretty small, isn't it). 70% are men. 50% are women. 50% are blond, 50% are brunette. What is the probability to select a blond male?
- 0.25
- 0.35
- 0.40
- 0.70
- All of the above
- None of the above
A more abstract question to challenge you. In a group you can either be A or B, and you can also be either C or D. 80% are B's. 40% of the population are also C's. What is the chance of finding an A whose also a C?
- 48%
- 32%
- 12%
- 8%
- All of the above
- None of the above
You're conducting a study. You want to have a large effect size (0.80). In your study you know there is a population mean of 56 and a standard deviation of 8. So you draw a sample of 10 for your experimental procedure and assume to reject the null hypothesis on a two tailed distribution at a p
- Power = 71.57%
- Power = 83.22%
- Power = 72.97%
- Power = 80.00%
- Power = 91.08%
- None of the above

Statistics for Psychology - Practice Test

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